Arabic

Learn to Read Arabic – “These are a few very basic learn-to-read-the-alphabet lessons.”

Babel: Arabic – “From your online computer you will have lessons with sound as well as grammar lessons.”

Arabic – “We, the members, are native and non-native speakers or learners of Arabic, working together to offer the serious learner a relatively wide range of resources as an aid to learning the Arabic language and familiarizing those interested with the various aspects of Arab culture.”

Armenian

Armenian  – “Eastern Armenian lessons online.”

Armenipedia  – “This section has a free Eastern Armenian Lessons Online book, which will enable English speakers to learn Armenian at their own pace.”

Chinese

Rutgers Multimedia Chinese Teaching System  – Chinese lessons from the State University of New Jersey.

Chinese Tools  – “40 online lessons including reading, writing, modern vocabulary, grammar, examples and exercises.”

Online College of Chinese Language– “Intended for English-speaking learners, these Chinese materials are designed to develop the learners’ ability to listen, speak, read and write, as well as the ability to communicate in social settings.”

French

About.com French – Lessons from the About.com Guide to French.

The French Tutorial  – “The French Tutorial is a web-based step by step lesson covering basics, pronunciation, but also grammar, vocabulary and everyday French. It offers audio support for better oral comprehension, a table of contents and an index for faster searches.”

French Language Course  – “The following French course is intended to allow you to understand written French (newspapers, articles, magazines, signs on the road during your next trip in France, etc.) and to write a letter to a French friend or correspondent.”

French Assistant – “Our unique site enables you to practice in the background on your computer while you get on with other things!”

Word Prof (– “If you’ve ever been lost for words in a French exam or when traveling in France our interactive* web site will help you learn all the French vocabulary you need.”

Fluent French  How to achieve fluency once you speak the language.

This is a new series (1-28) of Verse No. in the Bible versus the Quran.

Verse No. 28 in the Old Testament says: And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing (creature) that moves on the earth.

Verse No. 28 in the New Testament says: When Herod the king had heard these things, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him.

Verse No. 28 in the Noble Quran says: O mankind! worship your guardian-lord, who created you and those who came before you, that you may have the chance to learn righteousness; so that you will be cautious; so that you may guard against evil.

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The verse No. 28 in the Old Testament is Genesis 1:28

In article 27, Genesis 1:27 says: God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them.

In this article, Genesis 1:28  says: And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing (creature) that moves on the earth.

In this verse, we have three dominations or commandments from God to man.

The first domination is: Be fruitful and increase in number

The second domination is: Fill the earth, and subdue it

The third domination is: Have dominion over (Rule over) the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing (creature) that moves on the earth.

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The verse No. 28 in the New Testament is Matthew 2:3

In the articles 26-27, Matthew 2:1 says: Now after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, magi from the east arrived in Jerusalem, saying, (in Matthew 2:2):  Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him.

In this article, Matthew 2:3 says:

When Herod the king had heard these things, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him.

The verse means that, Herod the king, and all Jerusalem was troubled with him, when he had heard that the Magi from the east arrived in Jerusalem, saying: Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him,

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Verse No. 28 in the Noble Quran is 2:21,

Chapter 2 is Surah AL-BAQARA (THE COW),

Verses 2:1-5 are talking about the believers.

Verses 2:6-7 are talking about the disbelievers.

Verses 2:8-20 are talking about the hypocrites.

The address of verses 2:21-24 is general to mankind.

Verse 2:21 says:

O mankind! worship your guardian-lord, who created you and those who came before you, that you may have the chance to learn righteousness(so that you will be cautious)

The meaning of verse 2:21:

O mankind! worship, profess the oneness of your Lord, declare Him as the only One God Who created you, made you as different lineages beginning from a drop of sperm, when you were nothing, and created those that were before you; those who have gone before you, so that you may be fearful, of His punishment by worshipping Him; so that you may ward off His wrath and torment and obey Him. (so that in English is la‘alla in Arabic is essentially an optative that has among its functions the expression of a wish, but when spoken by Allah it denotes an affirmative, asserting the truth).

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Verse No. 28 in the Old Testament, the New Testament in four different versions of the Bible; and in the Noble Quran in Four different Translations

Verse No. 28 in the Old Testament

Genesis 1:28

New International Version:

28] God blessed them and said to them, “Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and over every living creature that moves on the ground.”

New American Standard Version:

28] God blessed them; and God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it; and rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”

English Standard Version:

28] And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”

King James Version:

28] And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.

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Verse No. 28 in the New Testament

Matthew 2:3

New International Version:

28] When King Herod heard this he was disturbed, and all Jerusalem with him.

New American Standard Version:

28] When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him.

English Standard Version:

28] When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him;

King James Version:

28] When Herod the king had heard these things, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him.

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Verse No. 28 in the Noble Quran

Chapter 2:21

Surah AL-BAQARA (THE COW)

QARIB: o people, worship your lord who has created you and those who have gone before you, so that you will be cautious.

SHAKIR: o men! serve your lord who created you and those before you so that you may guard (against evil)

PICKTHAL: o mankind! worship your lord, who hath created you and those before you, so that ye may ward off (evil).

YUSUFALI: o ye people! adore your guardian-lord, who created you and those who came before you, that ye may have the chance to learn righteousness;

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It is very premature to ask this question:

Is the Quran quoted from the Bible?

Wait and you will see.

In English, the words ‘cousin, uncle, aunt, niece and nephew’ are used when referring to a family member. In English, when these words are used by the speaker, in most cases it is up to the listener to inquire as to the exact relationship of the relative to the speaker’s mother or father. In Moroccan Darija this is not the case. When speaking about a cousin, uncle, aunt, niece or nephew you have to be specific. We will take a look at this in more detail and give some examples.

Cousin

When saying ‘cousin’ in Moroccan Arabic you have to be specific. You have to let the speaker know exactly who you are referring to. For example:

cousin (the son of your mother’s sister) – weld lkhala

cousin (the daughter of your mother’s sister) – bent lkhala

cousin (the son of your mother’s brother) – weld lkhal

cousin (the daughter of your mother‘s brother) – bent lkhal

cousin (the son of your father’s sister) – weld el’ama

cousin (the daughter of your father’s sister) – bent l’ama

cousin (the son of your father’s brother) – weld l’am

cousin (the daughter of your father’s brother) – bent l’am

Uncle

When saying ‘uncle’ in the Moroccan language you need to be specific. The listener will then know exactly who you are referring. More specifically, you have to specify the relationship of the uncle to the parent, for example:

uncle (the mother‘s brother)

uncle (the father’s brother)

Aunt

Similarly, when speaking about an aunt, in Moroccan Arabic, you need to be specific. For example:

aunt ( the mother’s sister) – l khala

aunt ( the father’s sister) – l‘ama

Niece and Nephew

When referring to nieces and nephews the speaker of Moroccan Darija is specific. For example he or she would say:

niece (the daughter of the sister) – bent l khet

nephew (the son of the sister) – weld l khet

In English, the words ‘cousin, uncle, aunt, niece and nephew’ are generally used when referring to a family member and it’s left up the listener to inquire further as to the exact relationship of the family member to the mother and father. This is not the situation with Moroccan Darija. The relationship of the ‘cousin, uncle, aunt, niece and nephew’ in relation to the mother and father is spelled out by the very word itself. Therefore, the listener does not usually have to inquire further as to the relationship between the relative and the mother or father.

Book Review

55 Stories 4 Kids –  Arabic Version, Author: Hasan Yahya, Ph.D, Createspace-Amazon (2008) $18.99.), 116 p. (Ages 3 – 12.

1. Prof. Yahya tops his books with this one which reflects some of his knowledge about best stories to make children learn and think to build certain ethics. Culturally the book presents various faraway lands stories, in simple Arabic language, to be used by parents and grandparents to narrate before sleeping, or any time of the day. A good gift for familial occasions. Families with kids from 3 to 12 years of age.   

The author starts the 55 stories with an introduction followed by The crow and the Duck, the Frog and Ox, the hare and the Tortoise tales and ends with The Hunter and his Dog, and  The Fox and the Grapes tales.

 With this book, Yahya makes an important contribution to the development of a planetary consciousness so needed in these full of stress times searching for kids stories. Our children need literature to make their imagination travels easily and smoothly in the dream lives of the actors of the stories. The stories are fables collected and written in simple Arabic language to be read by parents and grandparents to their love ones. May be the most story telling appealing for kids. Professor Yahya in this book, is very influential in his style of narration.

In his introduction Prof. Yahya described his purpose of writing the stories. He writes: “I have decided to do something in my old age, I tried to write the fable tales for my grandchildren to tell them before or after sleep. I collected anecdotes, first from what my grandma was telling me  about in my childhood, even though she was illiterate, like my grandpa, who used to tell us stories when he was in the army, at the beginning of the twentieth century. Their tales still wandering in my imaginative side of my brain. Other tales I remember from my school curriculum, in my second to fifth grade. I also included tales from far away lands, like China, Persia, Rome,  Africa, and my-now-country, the United States. The literature is almost full of great writers, politicians, and teachers, who give examples when they talk or wrote, or describe, or explain. It is a wise method to use, to make people wonder, and begin to apply some ideas or thoughts to those who cannot-for any reason, mentally, or physically-understand. It  is the wisdom, old and new, in these fable tales, and anecdotes, which force me to write this number of fables and tales. I believe, literate, illiterate, or even highly educated anywhere on earth are in serious need to learn in order to live in peace.”

I agree with the writer, in his sincere feelings working toward learning to promote peace in this world. In general the book was published twice in a short period. (493 words) www.dryahyatv.com

The names used for the days of the week, in Moroccan Arabic, and the numbers used for counting in both Standard Arabic and Moroccan Arabic are similar. This is because words for some days of the week are the same words or similar (derivatives) as the ones used for counting. We will clarify this point with some examples.

When counting in Standard Arabic. The following words are used for counting:

one – wahed

two – etneen

three – thlata

four – areb’a

five – khamsa

six – seta

seven – sb’a

Here are the names for the days of the week in Moroccan Darija:

Sunday – lhad

Monday – etneen

Tuesday – tlat

Wednesday – larbe’

Thursday – lekhmis

Friday – jem’a

Saturday – sebt

Note, the similarities between the words for some of the names of the days of the week and the numbers used for counting. Sunday is regarded as day 1. Monday is regarded as day 2 and the word for 2 is ‘etneen’ while the word for Monday is also ‘etneen.’ The word for the number 3 is ‘tlata’ while the word for Tuesday is ‘tlat’ which is similar to ‘tlata.’ There are days of the week which bear no similarity to the numbers used for counting.

It should be noted that the word “youm” is sometimes used in front of the day of week. The word ‘youm’ means “day.” Here are a few examples:

youm lhad

youm etneen

youm larbe

The days of the week, used in Moroccan Arabic, bear similarity to the numbers used for counting in Standard Arabic. Likewise, the numbers used for counting in Moroccan Arabic also bear similarity to the words used for the days of the week. The exceptions are the words “juj” which means 2 and the word “khamsa” which means 5. The words for day 2 (Monday) and day 5 (Friday) have no similarity to the words “juj” or “khamsa.” The numbers used for counting in Moroccan Arabic are listed below:

one – wahed

two – juj

three – tlata

four – reb’a

five – khamsa

six – sta

seven – sb’a

The names for the days of the week and the numbers for counting in Standard Arabic and in Moroccan Arabic are similar. This is because some of the days of the week use the same words or are derivatives of the words that are used when counting.

Because Arabic is a Semitic language, it differs significantly from English, which has a European language base. Native Arabic speakers may have a particularly difficult time with the aspects of English which do not exist in Arabic, such as certain consonants including v and g, many vowels and diphthongs, and a variety of consonant clusters.

The missing consonants v and g may be some of the easiest sounds to work on, because very similar sounds do exist in Arabic. These two sounds are the voiced counterparts to the unvoiced sounds f and k.

Both the f and v sounds are produced by placing the top teeth lightly on the lower lip and blowing. To change the f to a v sound, the voice must be turned on. When you are making this sound correctly, you will feel your throat vibrate if you place your hand on it. Try saying fan and van.

Similarly, the g sound is the voiced pair of the k sound. Make a k sound and then turn your voice on and do it again. It should sound like the g sound. Once again, if you put your hand on your throat, you should feel it vibrate when you say g. Try saying came and game.

English has many more vowel sounds than Arabic; in fact, Arabic has only 8 and English has 22 different vowel and diphthong sounds! Particularly troublesome for many Arabic speakers are the short vowels, which are rarely used in Arabic but are very common in English. Words such as can, truck, beg, sit, and on could be difficult to understand if the correct pronunciation isn’t used.

Another tricky element of English pronunciation is consonant clusters – groups of 2 to 3 consonants that are pronounced as one continuous sound, without any vowel sounds between them. Since this is a foreign concept to many Arabic speakers, it is common for them to put a vowel sound between the consonants, such as saying kulock for the word clock. Practice saying consonant clusters as one continuous sound. Whether the word has the sounds kl, pl, gr, sp, st, orstr, they are all pronounced without a vowel sound between them.

If you find yourself getting frustrated trying to pronounce English, please contact a speech pathologist trained in accent reduction. He or she will be happy to help you learn to speak English in a more understandable way. You won’t be losing any of your Arabic heritage, but you will be getting the best of both worlds.

The free Arab service of dating will not charge their members any fee for the use of the service, including the recording, the contact, and the talk. When you are on the Egyptian singles site of dating, you are free. We propose that you spend a certain hour on reading other personnel of the member dating from the advertisements to learn more about the way of creating a successful profile. You do not write too much information on your profile and should not write the personal information about yourself too much to you. You write just which necessary to attract Arabic singles to contact you. The specification with which you want up to now is an good idea because you can receive too much messages of singles which do not answer your criteria. Thus, you obtain a date on line with the Egyptian service of dating today.

To go back in Dubai with the Web sites Egyptians to dating is identical that you buy an article on line. Initially, you create your personal advertisement by saying some words about you. You prove with other people that you are a man or an unmarried Arab woman seeking a date on line. You can download your beautiful photographs on your profile to attract more singles to look at your profile. After you achieved your profile, should wait to you until you became approved. It is the process which the control of administrator of Web site that your profile before him obtains on line. When you become approved, then you can seek thousands of men or women Egyptians unmarried and act one on the other with them for free. You can cause with them immediately when they are on line.

The Egyptian singles on line with the Arab service of dating are ready to meet their associates. When are to you readies to go to make shopping, which prepare you? The first thing is to have a certain amount of money on your pocket. The second thing is to think of which articles you will make shopping at the shopping mall. Is the third thing what the specific stores you want to do of shopping. And the final stage singles the best articles and wages for them. The Egyptian service of dating is different. You do not pay anything to seek the love on line. There are unmarried thousands of women and Arab men to choose to come into contact with. You can seek on Google some popular free Arab sites of dating to be registered with and to find the love of them. The selection of best the girls or single Egyptian boys to come into contact with is easy and simple.

There are the women and the single Arab men in line which was recorded to find their associates. You are an unmarried Egyptian woman seeking for a man, then the Arab sites of dating is the solution for you. Why are you still unmarried when we live on this automated world which we can seek the love on line? The solution and the answer will be the Egyptian sites of dating. When you mention about the singleton, you must test above all loneliness in your life. Why don’t you take a measure maintaining by seeking the good date on line? Did you ever test the date on line with the Arab sites of dating? If not, then you must try to seek a companion of heart on the net. He easier than you is thought. It is too simple to find a companion of life on any Egyptian site of dating.

There is no strict or definitive rule to make a word plural in Moroccan Arabic; also referred to as Darija. Sometimes plurals are formed in Moroccan Darija by adding the suffix “een” to the end of words that are masculine. At other times the suffix “at” may be added to the end of feminine words to make them plural. However, this is not always the case. Because Darija is a mixture of words from Arabic, Tamazight, French and other languages, this also affects how the plural of certain words are formed. For example, for French words that are used in Moroccan dialect, the plural is formed by adding “les” in front of the word to make it plural. There are also words where their plural form do not follow these rule. Forming plurals in Darija can vary from word to word, therefore there are no exact or clear rules to make words plural in the Moroccan Darija language. You will need to memorize the plural form of each word in order to learn them.

Sometimes you can add the suffix “at” to the end of the word to make it plural in Moroccan Arabic. Here are examples of adding “at” to the end of a word to make the word plural.

automobile – tomobil

automobiles – tomobilat

bus – tobis

buses – tobisat

sister – khet

sisters – khwatat

There are words in Darija whose plural form is formed by adding “een” to the end of the word. Here are some examples of some of those words. But as you will note, for some words the root of the singular form of the word can be different from the root of the plural form of the word.

bint – daughter

binteen – daughters

employee – mudaf

employees – mudafeen

year – ’am

years – sineen

In the example above, the root of the singular form of the word for “year” is different than the root of the plural form of the word.

The Moroccan Arabic is a mixture of Arabic, Tamazight, French, and other languages. You will find that the plural form of a word sometimes is formed following the conventions of the language from which the word was borrowed. The plural of the French words used in Darija are usually formed following the French convention of adding “les” in front of the words. For example, let’s take a look at the French word for “pilot” which often used in Darija.

pilot – peelote

pilots – les peelote

At other times forming the plural form of a word in the Moroccan language does not follow any strict guidelines. Here are some words whose plural forms do not follow any of these guidelines:

brother – akh

brothers – khut

ticket – warqa

tickets – wraqi

man – rajel

men – rojala

house – dar

houses – dyor

As seen in the example above and throughout this article, there are no definitive rules for forming plurals in Moroccan Arabic. Although there may be patterns at times there are generally no set rules. You will need to memorize the singular and plural forms of Moroccan Arabic words on a word by word basis.

With the contemporary emphasis on the Middle East, Arabic translation, transcription and editing have become big business. Unfortunately, a large percentage of the translations produced are at best inaccurate, and in many cases incomprehensible, misleading, and/or just downright wrong. This can lead to loss of communication, loss of time, and for companies trying to do business in the Middle East, it can lead to great financial losses and misunderstandings.

 

To start with, Arabic is not a single language. There are 23 “Arab” nations – each with its own language variations, nuances and cultural influences. And within the nations, are regional variations comparable to the U.S. regional usage differences. For example – in Buffalo, NY a flavored carbonated drink is “pop.” Further down state in NYC, it’s soda and in Boston it is tonic! In Kuwait the Arabic word “kabat” means cupboard in Lebanon the same word means to repress.

 

Further complicating the process are the variations, grammatical inconsistencies and idioms of the English language that often do not translate well to or from Arabic. There may not be a direct translation of English words into Arabic or Arabic words into English. It takes a thorough knowledge of both languages to ensure that the word choices result in complete accuracy.

 

Bad translations can come from a number of sources. First are machine or software-based translations. Even the best of these programs can only provide the most literal of translations, based solely on the language dictionary specifics that are in the database.  They do not think, or reason, or allow for needed interpretation to ensure a sensible movement from one language to the other. Next are translations by Arabic speakers with no experience or in-depth knowledge of the Middle East. These people may have taken classes in generic Arabic, but have little or no knowledge of the language variations. There are others who may have lived or worked in the Middle East, learned to speak the language – but never studied it to truly understand its complex grammar.

 

To ensure your Arabic translations won’t be misunderstood or even laughed at by the end-user, an individual, government entity, or private company will best be served by seeking an educated native speaker with first-hand experience in multiple Middle East locations, and therefore multiple Arabic languages, cultures and nuances. And, this translator/transcriber/editor must have a thorough knowledge of English.

 

The best translators can certify the accuracy of their work, and will work with you to understand your  audience and desired outcome so as to be sure the level of language meets your purpose.

 

Visit www.arabiceditor.com

Arabic Online Markets: Open Sesame!!

As you might know from having visited MSEO.com, we have a fully staffed office in Hazmieh (Beirut), Lebanon. Our Lebanese team is in charge of the development for all of our Arabic SEO campaigns. Over the years of working with such a talented team of multilingual professionals (most of them speak English/French fluently as well), I have learned a lot about the “Arabic online world”.

Our Arabic SEO branch is extremely active within the Arabic IT communities. They exhibit this year at the GITEX 08 in Dubai, promoting our World Tour Seminars (I happen to be the speaker at those events/SEO workshops). Our next four events, in November 2008 and January 2009, will be held in Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Qatar, and Bahrain. I am not writing this in an effort to promote our SEO Seminars, but rather wishing to bring your attention to our targeted destinations: Gulf countries only. What’s going on with such geo-targeted marketing effort?

Well, over the past years, I have developed a personal friendship with Mr. Nadim Sarkis, who happens to be the Director of our branch in Beirut. Aside from being one of the utmost qualified professionals I have ever met in our line of industry, Nadim has truly introduced me to the Arabic online world: an online platform way too often misperceived by the rest of the world.

Getting involved with Arabic Search Engine Optimization has been a fruitful strategic move for MSEO.com (please visit the Arabic version of our website by clicking on the following link: http://www.mseo.com/ar ). It has also allowed me on a personal level to be introduced to a wealthy, educated, and courteous online platform! When covering all cultural and technical ramifications involved, marketing a website to the Arab online community often turns out to be the most profitable Global SEO action of all!

In September 2007, while visiting the GITEX in Dubai, I went on a helicopter ride to see what is, by far, the most incredible and unprecedented real estate development ever conceived by mankind. Like many, you might have seen various documentaries on Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and other Gulf “urban hotspots”. Anyway, my helicopter pilot conveyed the fact that over 60% of all the construction cranes in the world were present in Dubai (I confirmed such fact by researching on the internet). Perhaps you knew that already, but think about it this way: We are talking about the wealthiest group of individuals in the world who happen to depend almost 100% on imports…imports of goods…imports of services…but also imports of talent, technology, etc.

Arabic online search engines have greatly matured over the years, building the strongest and most efficient communication with the Arab online community. Of course, when starting to interact with Arab online business professionals, cultural ramifications need to be respected. I advise you to do a little research concerning business etiquette and other cultural “do’s and don’ts” when presenting your products and/or services on Arabic search engines. Most of all users who will find the Arabic version of your website will have the ability to communicate with you in English. However, when communicating with someone in Kuwait or Saudi Arabia, it is not “Hi, how’re you doing?” – The average casual American approach will not be welcome! Once again, the Arab online community is financially opulent and features a group of respectful and educated businessmen.

However, the Arabic online world is much more than the Gulf Region. It is the full MENA deal and more (MENA = Middle East & North Africa). From Egypt to Morocco, from Jordan to Lebanon, without forgetting the millions of Arabic native speakers elsewhere around the world, Arabic is by far an online platform I would recommend to anyone ready for a financially rewarding ride!!

Aside from business, when traveling through the Arab world, you will eat better – I mean, MUCH better – than in any country where English is the native tongue (and, no, I did not refer to the U.S. or the U.K. … maybe I should not think so loud!). Okay! Better food, but also superior hospitality. We are speaking about the Orient and Oriental hospitality is definitely one notch above what we experience in the Western world.

Anyway, since I am at the stage of expressing my appreciation for such a sophisticated community, I will take this opportunity to conclude with the following statement: Our Lebanese people were the best we could find in the Arab world and, on a personal note, I will say that Lebanon also offers the best food of the Arab world. Honestly, the Lebanese rule in the kitchen…there is nothing like eating out in Beirut! I do realize that I should apologize for getting distracted from the Arabic SEO subject, but I just cannot think of my team in Lebanon without associating business with pleasure!!

Mathias Levarek, Ph.D.
SEO Consultant for http://www.mseo.com